Citroën is a French brand of automobiles owned by Stellantis.

In 1934, the firm established its reputation for innovative technology with the Traction Avant. This was the world's first car to be mass-produced with front-wheel drive, four-wheel independent suspension, as well as unibody construction, omitting a separate chassis, and instead using the body of the car itself as its main load-bearing structure.

In 1954 they produced the world's first hydropneumatic self-levelling suspension system then, in 1955, the revolutionary DS, the first mass-produced car with modern disc brakes and, in 1967, they introduced in several of their models swiveling headlights that allowed for greater visibility on winding roads; these cars have received various national and international awards, including three European Car of the Year.

André Citroën built armaments for France during World War I; after the war however, he realised that, unless he planned ahead he would have a modern factory without a product. Citroën was already experienced in the automotive business, thanks to a successful six-year stint working with Mors between 1908 and the outbreak of war. The decision to switch to automobile manufacturing was taken as early as 1916, which is the year when Citroën asked the engineer Louis Dufresne, previously with Panhard, to design a technically-sophisticated 18HP automobile for which he could use his factory once peace returned. Long before that happened, however, he had modified his vision and decided, like Henry Ford, that the best post-war opportunities in auto-making would involve a lighter car of good quality, but made in sufficient quantities to be priced enticingly. In February 1917 Citroën contacted another engineer, Jules Salomon, who already had a considerable reputation within the French automotive sector as the creator, in 1909, of a little car called Le Zèbre. André Citroën's mandate was characteristically demanding and characteristically simple: to produce an all-new design for a 10 HP car that would be better equipped, more robust and less costly to produce than any rival product at the time.

type a

The result was the Type A, announced to the press in March 1919, just four months after the guns fell silent. The first production Type A emerged from the factory at the end of May 1919 and in June it was exhibited at a show room at Number 42, on the Champs-Élysées in Paris which normally sold Alda cars. Citroën persuaded the owner of the Alda business, Fernand Charron, to lend him the show-room, which is still in use today. This C42 showroom is where the company organises exhibitions and shows its vehicles and concept cars. A few years later, Charron would be persuaded to become a major investor in the Citroën business. On 7 July 1919, the first customer took delivery of a new Citroën 10HP Type A. Under the designation 10 HP Type A the car had a water-cooled 1327 cc four-cylinder engine and an output of 18 hp. Its maximum speed was 65 km/h. It was the first car Citroën made. 24,093 were made.

traction avant

The Traction Avant is a car that pioneered the mass production of three revolutionary features that are still in use today: a unitary body with no separate frame, four wheel independent suspension and front-wheel drive. Whereas for many decades, the vast majority of motor cars were similar in conception to the Ford Model T – a body bolted onto a ladder frame which held all the mechanical elements of the car, a solid rear axle that rigidly connected the rear wheels and rear wheel drive. The Model T school of automobile engineering proved popular because it was considered cheap to build, although it did pose dynamic defects as automobiles were becoming more capable, and resulted in heavier cars, which is why today cars are more like the Traction Avant than the Model T under the skin. In 1934 Citroën commissioned the American Budd Company to create a prototype, which evolved into the 7 fiscal horsepower (CV), 32 hp  Traction Avant.

hy

The Citroën H Van, Type H, H-Type or HY is a panel van (light truck) produced by the French automaker Citroën between 1947 and 1981. It was developed as a simple front wheel driven van after World War II. A total of 473,289 were produced in 34 years in factories in France and Belgium.

Like the 1934 Citroën Traction Avant, the H had a unitary body with no separate frame, front independent suspension, and front-wheel drive. For a commercial van, this combination provided unique benefits – a flat floor very close to the ground, and 6 ft (180 cm) standing height, with a side loading door.

The distinctive corrugated bodywork used throughout the period of production was inspired by German Junkers (Aircraft) starting from the First World War until the 1930s, the three-engined Junkers Ju 52 being the last to use this construction. Henry Ford also adopted this construction for the Ford Tri-Motor passenger aircraft. The ribs added strength without adding weight, and required only simple, low-cost press tools. Most H Vans were sold in France, Belgium and the Netherlands. At the Slough Trading Estate assembly facility (1926-1966), Citroën UK built a very small number of right hand drive versions. The German market was supplied by a key competitor, the Volkswagen Type 2, and also by the more comparable DKW Schnellaster.

The engine, gearbox and many smaller parts are shared with other Citroën models. The engine and gearbox are nearly identical to those in the Traction Avant and later the DS, only mounted with the engine in front of the gearbox. The headlights were identical to those of the 2CV, while speedometers were successively borrowed from the Traction Avant and the Ami 6.

While the derated Traction avant 4 cylinder engine and the unsophisticated 3 speed gearbox (non syncromesh on first gear) only gave a modest top speed of just under 100 km/h, the chassis and suspension layout provided good roadholding qualities for a van of the era, especially on the short wheelbase version: low slung chassis, with very little overhangs, combined with sophisticated totally independent suspensions (the front ones used double torsion bars instead of conventional coil springs). The 1.9 liter motor offered more usable power than the 1.2 liter motor of its competitor, the 1950 Volkswagen Type 2.

2cv

Citroën unveiled the Citroën 2CV or Deux Chevaux signifying two tax horsepower and initially only 9 hp, at the Paris Salon in 1948. The car became a bestseller, achieving the designer's aim of providing rural French people with a motorized alternative to the horse. It was unusually inexpensive to purchase and, with its small two cylinder engine, inexpensive to run as well. The 2CV pioneered a very soft, interconnected suspension, but did not have the more complex self-levelling feature. This car remained in production, with only minor changes, until 1990 and was a common sight on French roads until recently; 9 million 2CV variants were produced in the period 1948–1990.

ami

Ami is the French word for friend. With its 602 cc engine capacity fractionally above the limit for 2 CV designation, the Ami was nicknamed the 3CV, differentiating it from the long established Citroën 2CV. 3CV stands for Trois chevaux, or "three horses" — CV originally being the initials for "chevaux-vapeur" (horsepower – literally 'steam horses'), but used here for "chevaux fiscaux". The "cheval fiscal" was a French fiscal unit based on engine size with the smaller CV designating economy cars.

The Citroën Ami had its formal French launch on 25 April 1961, four months ahead of the August introduction of the widely anticipated Renault 4. Both the Renault 4 and the Citroën Ami responded to a perceived market need for a vehicle slightly larger and less rustic than the 2CV. The Ami is a rebodied 2CV with certain mechanical upgrades (particularly a larger engine than the 1950s 2CV), to compensate for the added weight. At launch all the cars were powered by an air cooled 602 cc two-cylinder flat engine which would also be offered at extra cost in the 2CV from 1970.

ds

1955 saw the introduction of the DS, the first full usage of Citroën's hydropneumatic self-levelling suspension system, tested on the rear suspension of the Traction in 1954. The DS was also the first production car with modern disc brakes. A single high-pressure hydraulic system was used to actuate the power steering, the suspension and brakes; the brakes were fully powered, not power assisted, as pedal force was not a component of braking power. The gearshift, (semi-automatic transmission) was also powered by the hydraulic system through a control valve, with actuating pistons in the gearbox cover to shift the gears in the transmission, and the clutch was operated automatically by the system, so there was no clutch pedal. From 1957 the ID19 model offered a simplified hydraulic system, with manual steering and conventional manual gearshift, and a significant price reduction. From 1968, with revised front end style, the DS also introduced auxiliary driving lights, that moved direction-ally with the steering, improving visibility at night. Production from 1956 to 1975 totalled almost 1.5 million cars. The streamlined car was remarkable for its era and had a remarkable sounding name – in French, DS is pronounced, which sounds the same as déesse, which means Goddess. It placed third in the 1999 Car of the Century competition.

décapotable

A convertible was offered from 1958 until 1973. The Décapotable Cabriolet d'Usine (factory convertible) were built by French carrossier Henri Chapron, for the Citroën dealer network. It was an expensive car and only 1,365 were sold. These DS convertibles used a special frame which was reinforced on the side members and rear suspension swingarm bearing box, similar to, but not identical to the Break (Station Wagon) frame.

Citroën vehicles were entered in endurance rally driving events beginning in 1956, with the introduction of the DS. The brand was successful and won many key events over a decades long period, with what was essentially the same production car design.

mehari

The Citroën Méhari is a lightweight utilitarian and recreational vehicle manufactured and marketed by Citroën over 18 years in a single generation in two-wheel (1968-1988) and four-wheel drive (1980-1983) variations — noted for its doorless ABS plastic bodywork and foldable, stowable, fabric convertible top.

The Méhari weighed approximately 535 kg, and featured the fully independent suspension and chassis shared with all Citroën 'A-Series' vehicles, using the 602 cc  variant of the flat twin petrol engine shared with the 2CV6, Dyane, and Ami.

The car is named after the fast-running dromedary camel, the méhari, which can be used for racing or transport. Citroën manufactured 144,953 Méharis between the car's French launch in May 1968 and the end of production in 1988.

The Méhari was designed by French World War II fighter ace Count Roland de la Poype, who headed the French company SEAB - Société d'Etudes et d'Applications des Brevets.  He developed the idea of using a plastic, rather than fiberglass body.  De la Poype evaluated the fashionable Mini Moke, noting its low ground clearance, hard suspension and rust-prone body.

The French Army purchased 7,064 Méharis – some of which were modified to have 24 V electric power to operate the two way radio. Citroen marketed the Méhari in the United States for model years 1969–1970, where the vehicle was classified as a truck.  As trucks had far more lenient National Highway Traffic Safety Administration safety standards than passenger cars in the US, the Méhari could be sold without seat belts. Budget Rent-A-Car offered them as rentals in Hawaii.

In 1968, Maserati was taken over by Citroën. Adolfo Orsi remained the nominal president, but Maserati was controlled by its new owner. The relationship started as a joint venture, made public in January 1968, in which Maserati would design and manufacture an engine for Citroën's upcoming flagship called SM. Launched in 1970, the SM was a four-seat front-wheel-drive coupé, powered by a Maserati Tipo C114 2.7-litre 90° V6 engine; this engine and its gearbox had been used in other vehicles, such as rally-prepared DSs used by Bob Neyret in Bandama Rally, and in the Ligier JS2.

With secure financial backing, new models were launched and built in much greater numbers than years prior. Citroën borrowed Maserati's expertise and engines for the SM and other vehicles, and Maserati incorporated Citroën's technology, particularly in hydraulics. Engineer Giulio Alfieri was key to many of the ambitious designs of this period.

The first new arrival was the 1969 Indy—a Vignale-bodied four-seater GT with a traditional V8 drivetrain, 1,100 units of the Indy were made.

In 1972, the Bora was transformed to the Merak, now employing a Tipo 114 SM-derived V6 enlarged to 3.0-litres.

Citroën never developed a 4-door version of the SM - instead Maserati developed the Quattroporte II, which shared most of its mechanical parts with the SM, including the mid-engine, front-wheel-drive layout, and six headlight arrangement.

Meanwhile, the 1973 oil crisis put the brakes on the ambitious expansion of Maserati; demand for fuel-hungry sports cars and grand tourers shrank drastically. In 1974, with the 1973–75 recession at its climax, things took a turn for the worse. Citroën went bankrupt and its incorporation into PSA Peugeot Citroën begun. 

sm

In 1961, Citroën began work on 'Project S' – a sports variant of the Citroën DS. As was customary for the firm, many running concept vehicles were developed, increasingly complex and upmarket from the DS.  At some stage in the 9-year project, it evolved from developing a faster variant of the 1955 DS to developing an entirely new, thoroughly engineered car – in terms of engineering effort, a replacement for the high volume DS model. Citroën purchased Maserati in 1968 with the intention of harnessing Maserati's high-performance engine technology to produce a true Gran Turismo car, combining the sophisticated Citroën suspension with a Maserati V6.

This car was unusual for France – production of luxury cars was heavily restricted in the country by post-World War II puissance fiscale horsepower tax, so France had not had a production vehicle in this market sector since before World War II. The SM had an engine of only 2.7 liters owing to these regulations; it was the first response to the luxury/performance sector since the export oriented Chrysler V8 engine Facel Vega in the late 1950s. Citroën's flagship vehicle competed with high-performance GTs of the time from other nations and manufacturers, such as Jaguar, Lotus, Ferrari, Aston Martin, Alfa Romeo, Mercedes-Benz, and Porsche.

sm variants

gs/gsa

The GS is a front-engine, front-drive, four or five door, five passenger family car manufactured and marketed by Citroën in two series: for model years 1970-1979 in fastback saloon and estate bodystyles; and subsequently as the GSA for model years 1980-1989 in hatchback and estate body styles — the latter after a facelift. Combined production reached approximately 2.5 million.

Noted for its aerodynamic body shape with a drag coefficient of 0.318, fully independent hydro-pneumatic brakes and self-levelling suspension, and air-cooled flat-four engine, the GS was styled by Robert Opron, with a low nose, a two-box silhouette, semi-enclosed rear wheels and a sharply vertical Kamm-tail.

When the GS was named the European Car of the Year for 1971, the design was noted as technologically advanced, with class leading comfort, safety and aerodynamics.

The GS filled the gap in Citroën's range, between the 2CV and Ami economy cars and the luxurious DS executive sedan. The DS had moved significantly upmarket from its predecessor the Citroën Traction Avant, and beyond the finances of most French motorists. Leaving this market gap open for fifteen years allowed other manufacturers entry into the most profitable, high volume market segment in France. This combined with the development costs and new factory for the DS-replacing Citroën CX, the 1974 oil crisis, and an aborted Wankel rotary engine, led Citroën to declare bankruptcy in 1974.

The GS's aerodynamics enabled the car to make the best of the available power, but when introduced, the car was considered underpowered. Citroën addressed the issue with the introduction in September 1972 with an optional 1,222 cc engine. Claimed power increased from 55 bhp to 45 kW 60 bhp. The GS was facelifted in 1979 and given a hatchback, and renamed the GSA. This change reflected the growing sales of small family hatchbacks in Europe since the launch of the Volkswagen Golf. Revisions included the grille, plastic bumpers, taillights, hubcaps and exterior door handles.^[18] It also had a revised dashboard with the auxiliary controls on column-shaped pods so they could be reached without moving the hands from the single-spoked steering wheel; similar to the CX layout.

Between 1979 and 1983, around 5,500 were exported to East Germany making it one of the few western cars in the country.

cx

Voted the 1975 European Car of the Year, the CX has been described by some enthusiasts as the last "real Citroën" before Peugeot took control of the company in 1976. The CX was also the final successful model of the "big Citroën" era, dating back to 1934.

The CX was launched at the 1974 Paris Motor Show. The CX was initially a huge success in Europe, with more than 132,000 being produced in 1978. It found customers beyond the loyal DS customer base and used the technology of Citroën's advanced grand touring personal luxury car, the SM. Unlike its principal competitors, the CX did not have worldwide distribution—the cost of development and improvements had to be met from a geographically small sales base. According to Driving & Motoring Month the CX "provides a startlingly intelligent set of solutions to modern motoring problems". Mechanically, the car was one of the most advanced of its time, combining Citroën's hydro-pneumatic integral self-leveling suspension, speed-sensitive DIRAVI fully-powered steering (first introduced on the Citroën SM), and a uniquely effective interior design that did away with steering column stalks, allowing the driver to reach all controls while both hands remained on the steering wheel. 

Originally, the CX was developed as a rotary-engined car—with several negative consequences. The CX engine bay is small because rotary engines are compact, but the Comotor three-rotor rotary engine was not economical and the entire rotary project was scrapped the year the CX was introduced. Citroën went bankrupt in 1974, partly due to a series of investments like Comotor that didn't result in profitable products. 

While the DS achieved its greatest sales success at age 15 (1970) the CX design was subject to more intense competitive pressures, peaking at age 4 (1978). Other automakers succeeded in using the CX design as a template for improvement. In particular, the Audi 100 introduced an aerodynamically restyled variant in 1983.

1,170,645 CXs were sold from 1974 to 1991.

In December 1974 Peugeot S.A. acquired a 38.2% share of Citroën. On 9 April 1976 they increased their stake of the then bankrupt company to 89.95%, thus creating the PSA Group (where PSA is short for Peugeot Société Anonyme), becoming PSA Peugeot Citroën. Since Citroën had two successful new designs in the market at this time (the GS and CX) and Peugeot was typically prudent in its own finances, the PSA venture was a financial success from 1976 to 1979.

In late 1978, PSA purchased the failing Chrysler Europe (which had been Rootes and Simca) from the troubled US parent firm for a nominal US$1.00, plus assumption of outstanding debt, leading to losses for the consortium from 1980 to 1985.

All of this investment caused serious financial problems for the entire PSA group; PSA lost money from 1980 to 1985. There were some bright spots, however: mainly thanks to the success of the Peugeot 205 and in spite of Talbot sales withering away, PSA surpassed Renault in sales in the domestic French market for the first time in 1983.^[23] In 1987, the company dropped the Talbot brand for passenger cars when it ceased production of the Simca-developed Horizon; the Samba and Alpine/Solara had been discontinued a year earlier. What was to have been the Talbot Arizona became the Peugeot 309, with the former Rootes plant in Ryton and Simca plant in Poissy being turned over for Peugeot assembly from October 1985. Producing Peugeots in Ryton was significant, as it signaled the first time that PSA would build cars in the UK (car assembly at Ryton stopped in 2006 and the plant was closed). The Talbot name survived for a little longer on commercial vehicles until 1992 before being shelved completely. From 1987 to 1995, the Ryton plant also produced the Peugeot 405 saloon.

bx

The Citroën BX is a large family car which was produced by the French manufacturer Citroën from 1982 to 1994. In total, 2,315,739 BXs were built during its 12-year history. The hatchback was discontinued in 1993 with the arrival of the Xantia, but the estate continued for another year. The BX was designed to be lightweight, using particularly few body parts, including many made from plastics.

The angular hatchback was designed by Marcello Gandini of Bertone, based on his unused design for the British 1977 Reliant FW11 concept and his 1979 Volvo Tundra concept car. It was the second car to benefit from the merger of Peugeot and Citroën in 1976, the first being the Citroën Visa launched in 1978. 

In 1986 the MK2 BX was launched. The interior and dashboard was redesigned to be more conventional-looking than the original, which used Citroën's idiosyncratic "satellite" switchgear, and "bathroom scale" speedometer. These were replaced with more conventional stalks for light and wipers and analogue instruments.

xm

Launched on 23 May 1989, the XM was the company's flagship saloon, replacing the Citroën CX. It went on sale in its native France immediately afterwards, and was available in right-hand drive on the UK market from October 1989. The CX remained in production until the spring of 1991, when the XM Estate launched. The XM did not enjoy the commercial success of its predecessors, the CX and the DS, which each raised the bar of automotive performance for other manufacturers.

Total sales of the XM reached 330,000 in 11 years, and the XM's replacement, the Citroën C6, was launched at the end of 2005. By the second half of the 1990s, sales were in sharp decline, and Citroën ended production in 2000.

XM was intended to compete against prestige vehicles like the Audi 100 and BMW's 5 Series in a sector that accounted for 14.2% of the European market. It also competed with cars from mainstream brands including the Ford Scorpio and Opel Omega. The anticipated annual sales of 450 cars a day in the first full year of production, or 160,000 units a year, never materialized. Sales never reached this ambitious level.

Being part of the PSA Peugeot-Citroën company, most of these engines were found in contemporary PSA cars, like the Citroën Xantia, Citroën C5, Peugeot 405, Peugeot 406 and Peugeot 605. The ZF 4HP18 automatic transmission – the late V6 had 4HP20 – was used also in Saab 9000, Peugeot 605, Alfa Romeo 164, Lancia Thema and the Fiat Croma.

c6

The Citroën C6 Lignage formed the basis of the Citroën C6, which was launched in November 2005, five years later than Citroën had originally planned.^[3] The XM ceased production in June 2000, and the first C6 rolled off the production line almost five years later.

The C6 is powered by either a 3.0 L ES9 V6 producing 211 PS  or a 2.7 L V6 HDi diesel producing 204 PS. In October 2006 a 2.2 L HDi producing 170 PS  with FAP, four cylinders and a dual turbo was introduced. In June 2009, the new 3.0 L V6 HDi diesel producing 240 PS  replaced the 2.7 L V6 HDi. The C6 has a fastback saloon profile which is due in part to the concave rear window, similar to the Citroën CX and some models of Dodge in the 60s. However, the C6 is a conventional saloon with a classic trunk, and not a hatchback like its XM predecessor. The C6 was aimed as a stylish alternative to executive cars, like the BMW 5 Series and the Audi A6, and it has been described as "spaceship that rides on air", "charmingly idiosyncratic" and "refreshingly different".

At launch, sales expectations across the model's lifespan were given as 20,000 per year.  Total production reached 23,400 units when the car was ended in 2012.

c5 airscape

The C5 Airscape cabriolet, displayed at the Frankfurt Motor Show in 2007, heralded the C5 saloon and tourer that arrived on the market a few months later. This exceptional concept car combined a body style expressing power and performance with a cabin of prestige design, designed for driving pleasure and passenger comfort.

The original roof mechanism underlined the overall sophistication of design.The appeal of the C5 Airscape lay not only in its looks but also in its performance. Featuring latest-generation Snow Motion, it had a level of traction close to that of
an all-wheel drive.

The C5 Airscape is powered by the 2.7 V6 HDi engine, equipped with particulate filter. The unit develops 208 bhp at 4,000 rpm and a max torque of 440 Nm at 1,900 rpm. The engine is coupled with a a 6-speed automatic gearbox.

gt

The GT by Citroën concept car was specially created, designed and produced for the video game Gran Turismo 5 and was included through download in its initial version Gran Turismo 5 Prologue. Its designer came up with the project and sold it to both Polyphony Digital and Citroën. The car's exterior design was made by Takumi Yamamoto, a Japanese designer from Jean-Pierre Ploué's Style Citroën design team. 

The concept version in the game features a battery powering four electric motors delivering 778 hp. In Gran Turismo Sport, only the road and race version (christened as a "Gr.3" class race car, equivalent to Group GT3 class race car) is featured, in addition to a lightly-modified "Gr.4" racing version (equivalent to GT4 class race car). The real car uses a modified version of the Ford Modular V8 petrol/gasoline engine, producing 646 hp.  The car's weight is 1,400 kg.

metropolis

The Citroën Metropolis is a concept car, which was designed in China by Citroën, and was presented on the French pavilion of the Expo 2010, in Shanghai. The concept was unveiled in May 2010, with the first pictures being revealed one month prior, in April.

The Citroën Metropolis is a long four door saloon, which featured four seats, rear hinged doors, an LCD navigator, long and low headlights, silver door handles and revised grille with the new logo of Citroën. The vehicle was confirmed for production in October 2010, which did not occur for ten years until the beginning of 2020, when the DS 9 was revealed, for launch in 2021.

tubik

The Tubik is a concept car from Citroën . The official presentation took place at the Frankfurt International Motor Show 2011 under the motto: Give the journey a new meaning. The design of the futuristic minivan with the pronounced bonnet should be reminiscent of the Citroën Type H and the Citroën TUB .

The diesel hybrid drive known from the Peugeot 3008 provided the drive , while hydropneumatics were installed for driving comfort . The lighting was carried out by means of LED headlights and taillights. Access for the driver and front passenger was through a side wing door . The rest of the access was provided by a wing door that opened completely over the side body (including the driver or passenger wing door). The interior was also specially equipped, offering space for 9 people. The front seats could be rotated 360 degrees and their inclination adjusted. The middle bench could either be folded down and used as a work table or used together with the rear bench as a full-length bed, or simply folded away for more storage space. The seats were made of felt, the backrests and door panels of silk and the floor of leather.

The steering wheel and pedals were reminiscent of an airplane; All important information was provided via a head-up display and the air conditioning , radio, etc. were operated using a touchscreen . In addition to the design, according to Citroën, the interior of the Tubik was the model for the Citroën Spacetourer, which has been built since 2016 .

numéro 9

A new take on the shooting brake body style, Citroën Numéro 9 Concept has elegant, thoroughbred looks enhanced with further radical design elements. Solid, sculpted proportions and subtle lines convey a distinctive and sophisticated character. The sophistication is allied with a high-quality finish for a truly original driving sensation and features that are practical and versatile in everyday use.

The concept is designed with plug-in full-hybrid technology; an ultra-efficient system that boasts remarkable levels of performance - 166mpg fuel economy, 50km range in ZEV mode, 295hp, a 'boost' function and 39g/km of CO2.

In May 2019 Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (FCA) announced its intention to seek a merger with Groupe Renault. However, in early June merger talks were suspended, and never resumed. On 31 October 2019, Groupe PSA announced intent to merge with FCA. The merger would be on a 50-50 all stock basis. On 18 December 2019, FCA and PSA announced that they had agreed to the terms of a binding $50 billion merger, expected to be implemented in the next 12 months. The new group is incorporated in the Netherlands and has John Elkann as Chairman of the Board and Carlos Tavares as CEO. On 15 July 2020, the two companies announced that the merged entity will be named Stellantis, from the "Latin verb 'stello' meaning 'to brighten with stars.'" On 4 January 2021, both shareholders of PSA and FCA approved the merger and the deal was closed on 16 January 2021.

Stellantis is the sixth-largest automaker worldwide, after Volkswagen Group, Toyota, the Renault–Nissan–Mitsubishi Alliance, General Motors, and Hyundai Motor Group. 

The principal activity of Stellantis is the design, development, manufacture and sale of automobiles bearing its 15 brands of Abarth, Alfa Romeo, Chrysler, Citroën, Dodge, DS, Fiat, Fiat Professional, Jeep, Lancia, Maserati, Opel, Peugeot, Ram and Vauxhall, and Mopar auto parts. Stellantis has 300,000 employees, a presence in more than 130 countries with manufacturing facilities in 30 countries.

ami

The Citroën Ami is a two-passenger electric quadricycle offered by the French manufacturer Citroën, produced from 2020 and marketed from June 2020. The vehicle has been developed by Altran as a turnkey program.  It was announced in 2019 as the concept car Ami One. It is named after the original Citroën Ami, which was marketed from 1961 to 1978. To reduce its price, it is produced in Morocco in the PSA factory in Kenitra. To save costs, the body is completely symmetrical; not only left-right symmetrical, but also front-rear symmetrical, except for the doors and the roof. The quadricycle is equipped with a 6 kW electric motor operating at 48 V, giving it a range of 75 km. Topspeed is limited to 45 km/h.

c5x

The Citroën C5 is a large family car produced  from 2001 until  2017, in two generations. It replaced the Citroën Xantia, in the large family car class, and is the first modern Citroën with "Cx" naming nomenclature, previously used by its ancestors, the C4 and C6 from 1930. The third generation is to be released in 2021.

After four years out of production in Europe, the C5 name was revived for a third generation. Its design will be inspired by the third generation of C4, no longer having a three-box design, but a liftback with nods to crossovers.

It was revealed on April 12, 2021. At the presentation of the new model it has changed to the C5 X, which emphasizes the increased ground clearance and crossover style. It has been announced that it will be available as a plug-in hybrid with the same technology from the Peugeot 508. Later in the market, the C5X was marketed as the Dongfeng Citroën Versailles C5 X in China.

DS Automobiles is a French luxury vehicle marque introduced in 2009 as a sub-marque of Citroën before becoming a standalone brand in 2015 (2012 in China). In May 2018, DS announced that it will launch only electric and hybrid vehicles from 2025.

DS can be an abbreviation of Different Spirit or Distinctive Series (although it also refers to the Citroën DS designed by Flaminio Bertoni and André Lefèbvre). The name is also a play on words, as in French it is pronounced like the word déesse, meaning "goddess".

The PSA Group originally consisted of three automobile brands, Peugeot, Citroën, and the soon dropped Talbot, but none was considered a "premium" brand. Since 1976, PSA has experimented with differentiating the brands by price level, similar to Chevrolet/Buick or Volkswagen/Audi, but neither brand had the strength to justify premium pricing.

By launching the DS line, Groupe PSA decided to build on the design heritage of the original Citroën DS (1955–1975) by Flaminio Bertoni and André Lefèbvre. The DS line started with the Citroën DS3 in the beginning of 2010, a small car based on the floorpan of the new C3.  The DS series is deeply connected to Citroën, as the DS4,  launched in 2010, is based on the 2008 Citroën Hypnos concept car and the DS5, following in 2011, is based on the concept car of 2005, the Citroën C-SportLounge.

ds5

The DS 5 is a compact executive hatchback which was designed and developed by the French automaker Citroën, and launched in the market in Europe in November 2011. It was the third model in the premium sub brand DS. Released as the Citroën DS5, the car was relaunched as the DS 5 in 2015, following Citroën's decision to rebadge its DS models and market them under the brand DS.

The DS5 mixes hatchback and estate styling, resembling a shooting-brake. It is 4,530 mm  long and 1,871 mm wide, dimensions that are similar to those of the Lancia Delta. This is hardly a coincidence: the DS5 is based on the PF2 platform as 3008 is too, not on the C5 as its name could imply.  Like the original concept car, its interior is heavily aviation inspired and available with two centre consoles, one of which is located on the roof directly above the other.

The Citroën DS5 was relaunched as the DS 5, without Citroën badging, in 2015.

e-tence

The DS E-TENSE is an all-electric concept sports car built by DS Automobiles, Citroen's sub-unit. The car defines what the future of sports cars would look like. The E-TENSE is the successor of the Survolt.

The model was first conceived in 2016, as a competitor to Audi's R8 e-Tron. The car is built around a carbon-fiber monocoque chassis, above where the lithium-ion batteries lie. Two electric Siemens motors power the car, giving it 401 hp and 391 foot-pounds of torque, a top speed of 249 kmph  and an electric range of 360 kilometers on a single charge.

ds7 crossback

The DS 7 Crossback is a compact luxury crossover SUV from the French automaker DS Automobiles. The vehicle was presented for the first time in 2017. The SUV, like the Citroën C5 Aircross, is based on the EMP2 platform of Groupe PSA. Though not the first SUV for and from the brand (see DS 6), it is the first for Europe.

Since the DS 5 in 2011, DS Automobiles had no longer launched new models in Europe, and its sales declined.

In addition to improving sales, the DS 7 Crossback marked a new focus for DS, focusing more on comfort, on the quality of the assembly and the materials, and on the technologies (driving aids, driving semi autonomous), in order to get closer to the top trio of premium car manufacturers, consisting of Audi, BMW, and Mercedes-Benz. It is also one of the first models that the PSA Group intended to launch in North America. However, in February of 2021, Stellantis (the successor of both PSA and Fiat Chrysler Automobiles) cancelled plans of selling the DS7 Crossback in North America.

x e-tence

The DS X E- Tense is the brand's latest concept that is a take on its definition of future mobility. This unusual asymmetrical supercar of the future is an intense accumulation of futuristic design cues, a formula-E winning powertrain setup, and an odd take on seating, DS has envisioned it to be fully electric with a very wacky approach.

Everything about the DS X E-Tense is in splits. It is a weird sports/luxury car of the future that somehow lives along well with its split personality. DS has given its vision of 2035 a fully electric powertrain that is confined to its elongated front quarter. It weirdly drives the front wheels only and the power output ranges from 536 hp in "Road" mode to an insane 1341 hp in "track" mode. It has a carbon-fiber monocoque chassis and adaptive suspension layout that is derived from its much-acclaimed Formula E team. The whole mechanical aspect of things has been taken care of by DS Performance and is a direct takeover from its 2018 Formula E car.

ds9

The DS 9 is a executive car introduced in 2020 by DS. The DS 9 is the company's first vehicle to be marketed to both Europe and Asia but assembled solely in China.

Originally, the DS 9 (internal code X83) was to be unveiled in April 2019 at Auto Shanghai, but its presentation was postponed for the first time in November for Auto Guangzhou in China, then a second time until March 2020.

Following the end of the Changan PSA Automobiles (CAPSA) joint venture of PSA and Changan Automobile, which took over the Shenzhen plant where Chinese DS are built, signed an agreement to produce DS, including the next DS 9 in Shenzhen. On 20 February 2020, DS announces the imminent presentation of a new model.

The DS 9 is based on the EMP2 modular technical platform of Groupe PSA. Its dashboard is largely inspired by that of the DS 7 Crossback. The DS sedan will be offered only in turbo gasoline 1.6 & eTense Hybrid (PHEV) version, with the 1.6 turbo petrol engine and an electric motor. The combined system output here in the DS 9 sedan will be 225 PS. The 225 PS variant will be joined later by 250 PS FWD and 360 PS AWD eTense variants.

DS partnered with Sir Richard Branson’s Virgin Racing team for the second season of the FIA Formula E Championship. The team competed under the title of DS Virgin Racing, finished the season of 2015 to 2016 in third place, and fourth in the season of 2016 of 2017. For the 2018–19 Formula E season, DS moved to partner with Techeetah, ending its relationship with Virgin. The newly renamed DS Techeetah, using the DS E-Tense FE 19 powertrain, won both the drivers and teams championships with Jean-Eric Vergne becoming Formula E's first two time drivers champion. This feat was repeated in the following season with António Félix da Costa becoming driver's champion and DS

Techeetah winning the teams title for 2019–20.