The cars come from the Gorkovsky Avtomobilny Zavod “Gorky Automobile Factory”) or GAZ. And GAZ is the Russian car factory in Nizhny Novgorod.

GAZ or Gorkovsky Avtomobilny Zavod  'Gorky Automobile Plant'  is a Russian automotive manufacturer. The factory started in 1929 as NNAZ, a partnership between Ford and the Soviet Union. The name changed when the city name of Nizhny Novgorod was named after Maksim Gorki.  Its first vehicle was the medium-priced Ford Model A, sold as the NAZ-A.

 

Headquarters Nizhny Novgorod, NIZ, Russia

11-73  1936-1943

The GAZ M1  was a passenger car produced by the Soviet automaker GAZ between 1936 and 1943, at their plant in Gorky.

Systematic production ended in 1941, but the factory was able to continue assembling cars from existing inventory of parts and components until 1943. In total, 62.888 GAZ M1 automobiles were produced.

The car has become an icon of its time in Russia, having been relatively popular, and featuring in film and photographic images

m20 pobieda  1946-1958

The GAZ-M20 "Pobeda"  was a passenger car produced in the Soviet Union by GAZ from 1946 until 1958. Although usually known as the GAZ-M20, an original car's designation at that time was just M-20, for "Molotovets" (GAZ factory bore a name of Vyacheslav Molotov).

The car was a successful export for the USSR, and the design was licensed to the Polish FSO (Passenger Automobile Factory) factory in Warsaw, where it was built as the FSO Warszawa beginning in 1951, continuing until 1973.  A few were assembled in Pyongyang, North Korea.

12 zim  1950-1960

The ZIM-12 was a Soviet limousine produced by the Gorky Automotive Plant from 1950 until 1960. It was the first executive car produced by GAZ and the first one to have the famous leaping deer hood ornament. The car was built to serve mid-rank Soviet nomenklatura, but was also readily available as a taxi and ambulance. Unlike its successors, ZIM was the only Soviet executive class full-size car that was actually made available for private ownership. A total of 21,527 examples were built.

m22g  1956-1970

The GAZ M21 Volga is an automobile produced in the Soviet Union by GAZ (Gorkovsky Avtomobilniy Zavod, in English "Gorky automobile factory") from 1956 to 1970. The first car to carry the Volga name, it was developed in the early 1950s. Volgas were built with high ground clearance (which gives it a specific "high" look, contrary to "low-long-sleek" look of Western cars of similar design), rugged suspension, strong and forgiving engine, and rustproofing on a scale unheard of in the 1950s.

The Volga was stylistically in line with the major American manufacturers of the period in which it was introduced, and incorporated such then-luxury features as the reclining front seat, cigarette lighter, heater, windshield washer and three-wave radio.

When in 1959 the six-cylinder line of GAZ cars was discontinued, GAZ M-21 Volga became the biggest and most luxurious car officially sold to individual owners in the USSR in large quantities; though its very high price made it unavailable for most car buyers, 639.478 cars were produced in total.

The M21 Volga was produced in saloon form from 1956 to 1970 and station wagon form (GAZ M22 Universal) from 1962 to 1970. This left the design quite outdated by the 1960s. GAZ developed a boxier, more modern replacement, and in 1970, the M21 platform was discontinued by GAZ. Until the late 1970s, however, spare parts were produced by different plants all over the USSR, and some plants were rebuilding M21s using spare parts, wrecked, and junked cars. In 1988, about 80.000 M21 Volgas were registered in the USSR.

tchaika  1959-1981

The GAZ-13 Chaika (Seagull) is an automobile manufactured by the Gorkovsky Avtomobilny Zavod (GAZ, Gorky Automobile Plant) from 1959 to 1981 as a generation of its Chaika marque. It is famously noted for its styling which resembled 1950s Packard automobiles.

The GAZ-13 Chaika debuted in 1958. It was produced from 1959 to 1981, with 3179 built in all. The GAZ-13 was powered by a 195 hp SAE 5.5 L V8.

As a limousine-class car, Chaikas were available only to the Soviet government, and could not be purchased by average citizens[citation needed]. However, citizens were allowed to rent Chaikas for weddings. Chaikas were used by Soviet ambassadors and Communist Party First Secretaries in East Germany, North Korea, Bulgaria, Hungary, Mongolia, and Finland, among others; Fidel Castro was given one by General Secretary Nikita Khrushchev, who himself preferred the Chaika to his ZIL, and kept one at his summer dacha.

RAF in Riga produced the GAZ-13A Universal, an estate, in the 1960s in Riga; this was also built as the GAZ-13S ambulance, as well as a hearse. Produced for a few years in the 1960s, it is the lowest-volume Chaika variant.

m-24

The GAZ-24 "Volga" is a car manufactured by the Gorky Automobile Plant (Gorkovsky Avtomobilny Zavod, GAZ) from 1970 to 1985 as a generation of its Volga marque. A largely redesigned version (practically, a new car in a modified old body) – GAZ-24-10 – was produced from 1985 to 1992. The Belgian-assembled rebadged models were sold as Scaldia-Volga M24 and M24D for the Western European market.

m-24 1967-1969

Development of the GAZ-24 (then called M-24) was mostly finished in 1966, when 12 of the third-series prototypes had been built and their design approved. It was unveiled towards the end of 1967. Only 32 units were built in 1968, though, primarily for road tests, with another 215 units built in 1969. The 1968/1969-built Volgas are often called "preserial" because full-scale manufacturing started only in 1970 (18,486 units built). Distinctive features of the first several prototypes were two outside rearview mirrors fixed on the front fenders. Most of the preserial and all serial cars got one mirror placed on front left door.

The standard engine was aluminium-block overhead-valve 2445 cc  ZMZ-24D inline-four producing horsepower with one twin-choke carburetor. Only a four-speed manual transmission with floor-mounted shifter was offered.

m-24 1970-1974

The GAZ-24 was displayed at the London Motor Show in 1970. Full-scale manufacturing started 15 July 1970. Export sales began in 1971. From 1970 until 1974, the Volga remained almost unchanged. Only minor modifications took place in 1972–1973, when the car got a new trunk decklid lock, flat ashtrays in rear doors instead of early ashtrays that were built in rear doors armrests, new rear bumper and new radio with more pleasant appearance and modified construction. In 1973, a dashboard with a simulated wood insert appeared (also a "silver" grained finish was used until 1974). After 1973, the ignition switch was moved from the dashboard to beneath the steering wheel, to prevent knee injuries in road accidents, although that was less convenient for the driver. Also in 1974, the Volga got additional parking lights on the C-pillars, akin to the opera lights popular on American cars at the time. The GAZ-24-01 was joined in 1977 by the GAZ-24-07, which was fitted to use liquified propane.

In 1978, about 1,000 right-hand drive GAZ-24-56s were built for export to India, Pakistan, and Singapore; powered by the Peugeot XDP 4.90 engine, they were not assembled in Belgium, and were the last right-hand drive vehicles GAZ built.[7]

The Volga was a status symbol in the Soviet Union, being large and luxurious, with a three-band radio. Unlike the GAZ-21, however, for most of its production lifetime, it was not commonly available to the public; those that were sold required a special permit to purchase them. This would not begin to change until the 1980s.

m24-10  1985-1992

The Volga GAZ-24-10' was an updated version of the GAZ-24 built from 1985 to 1992.  GAZ produced an improved version, simplified for large-scale manufacturing.  In early 1985 the first cars left the assembly line as "hybrid" cars with the GAZ-24-10 mechanicals and GAZ-24 bodies (unofficially called GAZ-24Ms); only in 1986 were "pure" GAZ-24-10s offered.

The limited-production V8 chaser models were now called GAZ-24-34 and produced 195 PS.

The GAZ-24-10 also spawned a 1985 four-wheel drive prototype, the 3105, which GAZ hoped could replace both the 3102 and Chaika. Only 55 were made between its public debut in 1992 and 1996, all by hand.. The m24-10 was  never exported outside the Eastern Bloc

3102  1982-2010

The GAZ-3102 Volga is an automobile manufactured by the Gorkovsky Avtomobilny Zavod (GAZ, Gorky Automobile Plant) from 1982 to 2010 as a generation of its Volga marque.

In 1976, the first prototypes were shown and under the new Soviet automobile numbering system, the car was christened as the GAZ-3101. Visually the vehicle included a completely new fascia, reminiscent of the more muscular fashion of North America, framed by East German built square headlights with water jet washers. Inside, the vehicle had a completely new interior, with headrests on all seats, a new polyurethane coated dashboard with integrated instrument clusters.

To keep production costs low, the new engine retained all of ZMZ-24Ds key features: 4 cylinders, OHV, displacement etc. However the material of both cylinder block and head was now aluminium. The car could now do 0–100 km/h acceleration in 16.2 seconds (compared to the 22 on the GAZ-24) and the top speed also rose from 145 to 152 km/h.

Despite a higher price, the GAZ-3102 enjoyed relatively good sales, and remained in demand. Compared to the newer GAZ-31029, it had a notably higher reputation for build quality. When the former was to be retired, and replaced with the GAZ-3110, the 3102 was fitted with 3110 upgrades, but not upgraded externally, as its look had become classic. 

3110  1996-2004

The GAZ-3110 Volga is an automobile manufactured by the Gorkovsky Avtomobilny Zavod (GAZ, Gorky Automobile Plant) from 1996 to 2004 as a generation of its Volga marque.

Despite its aged profile, GAZ finally had a car that was an overall succes, though hardly a rival for new foreign marques. The car was still plagued by the common reliability issues of all 1990s built cars: poor assembly quality, faulty electronics, and low service culture, especially for the fuel-injected 406 models. The latter engine in 1999 already had its first refit and a compression ratio reduced to 9.2 to avoid detonation, reducing the power from 150 to 131 hp.

The coming of the GAZ-3111, would not have replaced the GAZ-3110 altogether, and to finish its conveyor lifetime in 2001 a small visual facelift introduced body coloured bumpers with a black resin trim, that featured drooping spoilers and integrated fog lamps.

In 2002 the car was awarded zero stars out of a possible four by the Russian ARCAP safety assessment program.

23301 tiger  2005-present

The GAZ Tigr is a Russian 4x4, multipurpose, all-terrain infantry mobility vehicle manufactured by GAZ, first delivered to the Russian Army in 2006. Primarily used by the Russian Federation's armed forces, it is also used by numerous other countries.

The vehicle was designed to transport troops and various equipment quickly on road and off-road. It has a chassis frame construction, with a traditional layout of front engine, middle crew compartment, and rear cargo area. 

The available engines are a Cummins 5.9 L B180 turbodiesel with 180 hp; a Cummins 5.9 L B205 turbodiesel producing 180 hp; a Cummins 5.9 L B-214 turbodiesel making 215 hp; or a GAZ-562 3.2 L  turbodiesel with 197 hp.

Designed for performance in mountain, arctic, and desert environments, the Tigr is capable of operating at ambient temperatures ranging from −14–50 °C. Moreover, the vehicle has approach and departure angles of 52 degrees and a wading depth of 1.2 m

China co-produced the GAZ Tigr with Russia after it initially refused to grant them a full license. 110 Tigrs were delivered from 2008-2010 and are in service with the Chinese Public Security police. As of May 2020, Tigr has been exported to 16 states and since 2005 over 2,000 vehicles have been built in various configurations and delivered to Russia and foreign countries.

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