There are many different theories as to how Lotus got its name. The more obvious guesses include references to the lotus fruit, which evokes dreaminess, and the lotus flower, which is prominent in Buddhism and Hinduism. It has been rumored that Chapman often said, “us lot,”.

Lotus Cars is a British automotive company  that manufactures sports cars and racing cars in its headquarters in Hethel, United Kingdom. Lotus Cars are based at the former site of RAF Hethel, a World War II airfield in Norfolk. The Lotus Engineering Company was founded by Colin Chapman and Michael Allen in 1952. However, the partners split ways within the same year, and so The Lotus Engineering Company Limited was formed by Colin Chapman and his girlfriend.

 

Headquarters: Hethel, United Kingdom

europa

The Lotus Europa name is used on two distinct mid-engine GT cars built by British automobile manufacturer Lotus Cars. The original Europa and its variants comprise the Lotus Types 46, 47, 54, 65 and 74, and were produced between 1966 and 1975.

The name was later revived in the Type 121 Europa S, a sports car based on the Lotus Elise produced from 2006 to 2010.

europa 1966-1975

By the mid-1960s, the mid-engine vehicle configuration was well-established as the optimal design for Grand Prix cars, however almost no road vehicles yet used this arrangement. Lotus planned the Europa to be a volume-produced, two-seater mid-engine sports coupe built to reasonable cost, quite an ambitious goal for the time.

Like all Lotus vehicles of the era, the Europa was designed and built following Colin Chapman's oft-stated philosophy of automotive design: "Simplify, then add lightness". To this end, a number of ingenious design approaches were made by Lotus to allow it to economically overcome the many challenges presented by the novel mid-engine arrangement.

The Europa used a lightweight, folded and welded "minimalist" boxed-steel backbone chassis with a fibreglass moulded body, a combination that was first used by Lotus founder Colin Chapman in the Lotus Elan launched in 1962. Earliest versions of the Europa had the body fully bonded to the chassis for maximum structural stiffness, however this was soon changed to a bolted-on body to allow normal chassis and body repairs to be made.

The engine used was a 1470 cc (1.5 L) 63bhp Renault engine which was of a light and modern design, while the matching Renault 16 transaxle seemed almost ideal for the Europa project. Later, Europa models were fitted with a Ford-based Lotus TwinCam engine used in the Elan range since 1962. This was a sophisticated, twin-overhead-cam, 8-valve high-performance engine rated at 105 hp.

Production of the original Lotus Europa ceased in 1975, with a total of 9230 cars of all models having been built.

europa s 2006-2010

The Lotus Europa S (Type 121) is a two-seat mid-engine sports car, designed to be a more toned down and comfortable variant of the driver focused Lotus Elise and its derivative, the Exige. The Europa S is a modern version of the Europa line of the 1960s and 1970s.

The Europa S features a larger boot, greater sound-proofing and easier cabin access due to the lower chassis sides and higher roof line. The Europa S includes creature comforts such as air conditioning, a sound system, leather interior and interior carpeting as standard equipment reflecting its grand touring nature.

The Europa S has a dry weight of just 995 kg achieved by an extruded and bonded aluminium chassis with composite body panels and front crash structure.

The Europa S is a derivative of the Lotus Elise and Exige to the extent that the cars have variations of the same bonded aluminium chassis but the Europa bears a separate Lotus model designation (Type 121) due, in part, to its longer chassis and completely new design. The mid-engine two-seat coupé has a 2.0 L turbocharged straight-4 engine, rated at 200ps, coupled to a Getrag M32 6-speed manual transmission. This allows the car to accelerate from 0–100 km/h in around 5.6 seconds. The Europa S can reach a top speed of 230 km/h.

72d  1971

The Lotus 72 is a Formula One car designed by Colin Chapman and Maurice Philippe of Lotus for the 1970 Formula One season. The 72 was a pioneering design featuring inboard brakes, side-mounted radiators in sidepods (as opposed to the nose-mounted radiators, which had been commonplace since before World War II), and aerodynamic wings producing down-force.

The car was developed during 1971 by Tony Rudd who had formerly worked at BRM. Lotus again won the constructors' championship in 1972.

type 75/83 elite  1974-1982

The Lotus Elite name has been used for two production vehicles and one concept vehicle developed and manufactured by British automobile manufacturer Lotus Cars. The first generation Elite Type 14 was produced from 1957 to 1963 and the second generation model (Type 75 and later Type 83) from 1974 to 1982. 

The Elite has a shooting brake body style, with a glass rear hatch opening into the luggage compartment. The Elite has a  fibreglass bodyshell .

The Elite was the first Lotus automobile to use the aluminium-block 4-valveDOHC, four-cylinder Type 907 engine that displaced 1,973 cc  and was rated at 155 hp. With this engine the car does 0–100 km/h in 8.2 seconds and reaches a top speed of 201 km/h. 

The Elite had a claimed drag co-efficient of 0.30 and at the time of launch, it was the world's most expensive four-cylinder car. The Elite's striking shape was designed by Oliver Winterbottom. He is quoted as saying that the basic chassis and suspension layout were designed by Colin Chapman, making the Elite and its sister design the Eclat the last Lotus road cars to have significant design input from Chapman himself.

type 76 éclat s1 1975-1980

The Éclat Series 1 (1975–1980) was announced in October 1975. 

It used a 1973 cc (2.0 L) 160 hp Lotus 907 Inline-4 engine. Later cars (1980–1982) used a larger 2174 cc (2.2 L) Lotus 912 engine, however, because of emission regulations modifications the power output remained the same as the early engine. It did, however, produce more torque and thus improved the car's performance. Both were versions of the 900 engine.

Early cars either had a four speed Ford gearbox or the five speed gearbox derived by Lotus from Austin Maxi components. Later cars used a Getrag five speed gearbox. A three-speed automatic gearbox was optional.

The Éclat had disc brakes at the front, and inboard drum brakes at the rear. Air conditioning and power steering were offered as options. 

The original mild steel chassis fitted by Lotus had a strip of felt fitted between body and the steel crossmember of the chassis. In damp climates, the felt became a water trap and caused structural corrosion, resulting in a crumbling of the chassis from the rear. Chassis replacement was initially not cost effective on the Eclat and Elite, and in consequence resale values suffered. Series 2 cars were fitted with a galvanised chassis as standard and a large number of Series 1 vehicles have had replacements fitted, which are usually galvanised.

The car was well received by the motoring press, which praised the car's handling and grip. The fuel consumption was also considered reasonable at the time, in comparison with the larger and multi cylinder engines used in competitor GT cars.

type 84 s2 éclat  1980-1982

The Lotus Éclat (Type 76 and Type 84) is a sports car built from 1975 to 1982. It was based on the Elite but had a fastback body style which offered more practicality with storage in the boot (trunk), albeit with less headroom above the rear seats. The car was initially to be called the "Elite Coupe". The lower half of the fibreglass bodywork was actually identical to that of the Elite.

In mid-1980, the Éclat S2, modified in details, came onto the market with a 2.2-liter version of the engine called 912. A total of only 223 units of the Type 912 were built. A manual or automatic transmission was available for power transmission.

The body made of glass-fibre reinforced plastic was 4.48 m long, 1.82 m wide and 1.21 m high. It was built on a central steel girder chassis, which was electro-galvanized from 1980.

With a wheelbase of 2.48 m, the standard version weighed 975 kg. An optional air conditioning system increased the weight to 1010 kg, with additional power steering to 1026 kg.

The rear seats are surprisingly comfortable in contrast to many of today's 2+2-seaters. Priced at $28.400 (1979), the car was about the same price as a Mercedes-Benz 450 SL ($28.687). 

From the end of 1982, a slightly modified version of the car with a Toyota gearbox was sold under the name Éclat Excel. This version was called Lotus Excel from autumn 1983 and continued to be produced until summer 1991.

The wedge-shaped design influenced some other automakers. Ginetta, for example, based the design of the G26 on the Eclat or Excel. 

esprit

ThLotus Esprit is a sports car that was built by Lotus Cars at their Hethel factory in England between 1976 and 2004. It was among the first of designer Giorgetto Giugiaro's polygonal "folded paper" designs. The Esprit was launched in October 1975 at the Paris Motor Show and entered production in June 1976, replacing the Europa in the Lotus model lineup.

s1 1975-1978

The Esprit was launched in October 1975 at the Paris Motor Show and entered production in June 1976, replacing the Europa in the Lotus model lineup. These first cars became known as "Series 1" (or S1) Esprits. The wedge-shaped fibreglass body was mounted on a steel backbone chassis. Power was from the 1,973 cc  Lotus 907 four-cylinder engine that was rated at 162 PS in European trim and 140 hp in US/Federal trim. The engine was mounted longitudinally behind the passengers and drove the rear wheels through a Citroën C35 5-speed manual transaxle also used in the SM and Maserati Merak. Rear brakes were mounted inboard, following contemporary racing practice. The Series 1 embodied Lotus' performance through light weight mantra, weighing less than 1,000 kg.

The S1 Esprit was distinguished from later Esprits by its shovel-style front air dam, Fiat X1/9-sourced taillights, absence of body-side ducting, and Wolfrace alloy wheels. Inside the car, the S1 Esprit had a one-piece instrument cluster with green-faced Veglia gauges. The S1 is rare in the present day, mostly due to drivetrain problems.

s2  1978-1982

In 1978, the revised Series 2 (or S2) Esprit was introduced. External changes included intake and cooling ducts added behind the rear quarter windows, taillights from the Rover SD1, and an integrated front spoiler.

The S2.2 was a stop-gap model introduced in May 1980 whose only major difference from the S2 was, as indicated in its model name, having a 2.2 L type 912 engine. Engine power output was unchanged but torque rose from 190 N⋅m to 217 N⋅m. The S2.2 received a galvanised chassis, but not the revised chassis structure to come in the Series 3. S2.2 cars are extremely rare even among Esprits. According to Lotus only 88 were produced during its thirteen-month production span.

s3 turbo  1982-1988

The Series 3 (or S3) and Turbo Esprit debuted in April 1981. The two models shared a common chassis, and bodywork was based on a common set of moulds. The S3 received the 2.2 L Type 912 engine. The Turbo Esprit had a wet sump engine with the same power and torque output as its dry sump predecessor. Interior trim was revised which, when combined with changes to the body moulds, resulted in more headroom and an enlarged foot-well. The Turbo Esprit retained the aerodynamic body kit of the Essex cars and featured prominent 'turbo esprit' decals on the nose and sides. The S3 gained the new larger bumpers but kept the simpler sill line and glazed rear hatch of the S2.2 body. 

The final incarnations of the Giugiaro-styled Esprit were announced in April 1986. Higher compression ratios for the engines was indicated by the 'HC' moniker. Power output of the naturally aspirated engine rose to 172 PS for the Esprit HC, and to 218 PS for the Turbo Esprit HC, with more torque available at lower engine speeds.

s4 esprit v8  1994-2004

Another refresh of the car in 1993 penned by Julian Thomson resulted in the Series 4 (or S4). Exterior changes included a smaller rear spoiler placed halfway up the rear deck-lid, revised front and rear bumpers, side skirts and valence panels. New five-spoke alloy wheels were also fitted. New rectangular taillights were borrowed from the Toyota AE86. The S4's engine had the same power output as the SE at 268 PS. The S4 was the first Esprit to use a power steering.

In 1996, Lotus launched the Esprit V8. The car came equipped with Lotus' own Type 918 V8 engine. The engine is an all-aluminium 90° DOHC 4 valves per cylinder with two Garrett T25/60 turbochargers but with no Chargecooler.  The Type 918 engine was detuned from a potential 507 to 355 PS to prevent gearbox damage.

After a 28-year production run, the last Esprit rolled off the production line on February 20, 2004, and was shipped to Chicago. A total of 10,675 Esprits were produced.

80  1979

The Lotus 80 was a Formula One car used by Team Lotus in 1979. The car, designed by Colin Chapman, Martin Ogilvie, Peter Wright and Tony Rudd was an attempt to take ground effect as far as possible. Chapman eventually had to admit the 80 was not the wondercar he had planned and Andretti qualified the car fifth for the Belgian Grand Prix but raced the Lotus 79 due to problems with the Lotus 80.

It was a massive setback for the team, and for the car which had appeared so promising, however Chapman persevered with the concept of a full length ground effect chassis in the Lotus 88.

102d  1992

The Lotus 102 was a Formula One racing car designed by Lotus for use in the 1990 Formula One season and would eventually go on to compete in 37 races spanning three seasons from 1990 until 1992. The final incarnation of the 102, was the makeshift 102D that represented Team Lotus's for the start of the 1992 season. Outwardly similar to the 102B, the car had a Cosworth HB V8 in place of the Judd EV V8. In an attempt to gain exposure a 102D driven by Johnny Herbert broke the Brands Hatch Indy circuit record for the BBC Record Breakers programme.

sport elise 1999

The Lotus Elise is a sports car conceived in early 1994 and released in September 1996 by the British manufacturer Lotus Cars. A two-seater roadster with a rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout, the Elise has a fibreglass body shell atop its bonded extruded aluminium chassis that provides a rigid platform for the suspension, while keeping weight and production costs to a minimum. The Elise was named after Elisa Artioli, the granddaughter of Romano Artioli who was chairman of Lotus and Bugatti at the time of the car's launch.

Series 1 was designed by Julian Thomson, then head of design at Lotus, and Richard Rackham, Lotus's chief engineer.

Besides the standard higher-performance variants, Lotus also released some limited edition models such as Sport 135 (1998/9) with approximately 145 bhp, Sport 160 (2000) with 150–160 bhp, and Sport 190 (190 bhp). These were more competent on track with sports suspension, wheels and tyres, seats according to model.

There were other special editions such as the 50th Anniversary Edition (green/gold) celebrating 50 years of Lotus cars, the Type 49 ("Gold Leaf" red and white two-tone), and Type 79 ("JPS" black/gold) which refers to its successful Grand Prix car type numbers.

The Series 1 could not be produced beyond the 2000 model production year due to new European crash sustainability regulations, so Lotus needed a development partner to meet the investment requirement for a Series 2 car. General Motors offered to fund the project, in return for a badged and GM-engined version of the car for their European brands, Opel and Vauxhall.

In February 2010, Lotus unveiled a facelifted version of the second generation Elise (internal project code name "Anglesey"). This third generation was build until 2021.

Production of the Elise, Exige and Evora ended in 2021. It was replaced by the Lotus Emira.

exige gt3 concept 2007

The Exige GT3 is a bold, no-holds-barred, lap record-breaking, performance machine that embraces all that is expected of a race-bred Lotus. Building on the Lotus racing pedigree, this concept car can deliver more grin-factor than ever before; there are no intended compromises and no limits except those that are self imposed by the driver.

The Exige GT3's pure bred racing brother has been competing in the GT race arena in 2007, taking over the mantle from the hugely successful 2006 British GT3 Championshipwinning car. On road or track the Lotus Exige GT3 winning pedigree will continue in time honoured Lotus racing tradition.

The supercharged and chargecooled 1796 cc engine in the Lotus GT3 has a maximum power output of 275 PS at 8000 rpm and a torque figure of approximately 258 Nm at 7000 rpm. A sports-type clutch plate and heavy duty clutch cover transfer the engine power and torque to the lightweight aluminium C64 six-speed gearbox. Driven through ten inch rear wheels with 255 width tyres making the final connection to the road.

Max speed of 257 km/h and peak torque have been electronically limited.

t128  2011

The Lotus T128,  known prior to its launch by its project number TL11, is a Formula One motor racing car designed by Mike Gascoyne, Lewis Butler and Marianne Hinson for Team Lotus in the 2011 Formula One season. 2011 saw the car abandon its Cosworth engine in favour of one developed by Renault. The design of the T128 also incorporated a "bladed" rollbar similar to the one developed by Mercedes in 2010, but thicker and with sturdier air intakes to conform with FIA regulations.

In qualifying, Team Lotus were eliminated in Q1, causing surprise within the team, who had expected to be much closer to the midfield, although they were ahead of both Virgins and HRTs. in the race.

e21  2013

The Lotus E21 is a Formula One racing car designed and built by the Lotus F1 team for use in the 2013 championship. The chassis was designed by James Allison, Nick Chester, Martin Tolliday and Dirk de Beer with Renault supplying the team's engines. The car was driven by 2007 World Champion Kimi Räikkönen and Romain Grosjean, both of whom remained with the team after competing in 2012. The E21 was the first of the 2013 season cars to be launched.

Following criticism of the cars raced in 2012 for being "ugly" because of a visible step in the design of the nose, the 2013 technical regulations allowed teams to use a "modesty panel", or a small piece of carbon fibre designed to cover the nose of the car for aesthetic purposes.

type 130 evija  2020-present

The Lotus Evija is a limited production electric sports car. It is the first electric vehicle to be introduced and manufactured by the company. Codenamed "Type 130" and "Omega", its production will be limited to 130 units. The Evija is powered by a 70 kWh battery pack developed in conjunction with Williams Advanced Engineering, with electric motors supplied by Integral Powertrain. The four individual motors are placed at the wheels and each is rated at 500 PS, for a combined total output of 2,000 PS.

 Lotus claims the Evija will be able to accelerate from 0 to 100 km/h  in under 3 seconds, from 0 to 299 km/h  in under 9 seconds, and achieve a top speed of over 320 km/h.

The name Evija is derived from Eve of the Abrahamic religions, a name whose etymology can be traced back to the Biblical Hebrew, meaning 'alive', or 'living'.

type 131 emira 2022-present

The Lotus Emira is a sports car manufactured by British automobile manufacturer Lotus Cars. It is intended to be the firm's final vehicle powered by an internal combustion engine.  It will replace the EvoraExige and Elise.

It features all the hallmarks that the automotive world has come to expect from a Lotus – striking design, thrilling dynamic performance delivering best-in-class ride and handling, outstanding aerodynamics and an unrivalled experience ‘For The Drivers’.

The Emira will come with a 3.5 litre supercharged V6 sourced by Toyota. Power figures are 406 PS and 430 N⋅m of torque. Available in either 6-speed manual or a 6-speed automatic. Later on, a smaller 2.0 litre turbocharged engine sourced from Mercedes-AMG with an 8-speed dual-clutch transmission (DCT) will be made available for the new Emira, with 365 PS.

 

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